??????先(xian)進行(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)載試運(yun)行(xing) 首(shou)先(xian)檢查(cha)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)所有(you)接(jie)線是(shi)否(fou)正確無(wu)誤，變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出端(duan)先(xian)不要(yao)接(jie)電(dian)動機，對變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)先(xian)進行(xing)空(kong)載試驗(yan)。通(tong)電(dian)前認真閱讀變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)用戶手冊(ce)，熟(shu)(shu)悉(xi)相(xiang)關(guan)功(gong)能及(ji)設定(ding)、操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)法，在此基礎上(shang)通(tong)電(dian)。空(kong)載試運(yun)行(xing)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)兩個(ge)：一是(shi)通(tong)過實(shi)際操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)來熟(shu)(shu)悉(xi)鍵盤及(ji)有(you)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)法，如(ru)進行(xing)正、反(fan)轉、停(ting)止等操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，并觀測變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動作(zuo)(zuo)、溫升是(shi)否(fou)正常。二(er)是(shi)結合實(shi)物來熟(shu)(shu)悉(xi)相(xiang)關(guan)功(gong)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)設定(ding)、操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)法，設定(ding)后可試試看(kan)基本功(gong)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)動作(zuo)(zuo)狀態(tai)及(ji)動作(zuo)(zuo)過程，如(ru)上(shang)升、下降時(shi)間(jian)設定(ding)等。在這基礎上(shang)再看(kan)外接(jie)端(duan)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號、控制動作(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)否(fou)正常，如(ru)順時(shi)針旋轉電(dian)位(wei)器(qi)或改變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)率給定(ding)電(dian)流時(shi)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出頻(pin)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)(bian)(bian)是(shi)否(fou)與給定(ding)信(xin)號同(tong)時(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化。

??????變頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)空載(zai)試運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)后，可(ke)(ke)接(jie)上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)空載(zai)試運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。在(zai)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)前，一定(ding)要確認電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)各項(xiang)技術指標是合(he)格的(de)(de)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)不要帶負載(zai)。然(ran)后讓(rang)(rang)變頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，觀察是否(fou)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)方(fang)向是否(fou)合(he)乎要求。把(ba)(ba)頻(pin)(pin)率給定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)逆(ni)時(shi)(shi)針(zhen)旋(xuan)至左端(duan)0Hz處，然(ran)后接(jie)通變頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)開關(guan)（FWD），慢慢順時(shi)(shi)針(zhen)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位器(qi)(qi)，使給定(ding)頻(pin)(pin)率逐(zhu)漸增大(da)，觀察電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)情況，在(zai)最大(da)頻(pin)(pin)率的(de)(de)50%時(shi)(shi)，讓(rang)(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)幾(ji)分鐘(zhong)，并觀察下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)數(shu)值，然(ran)后再(zai)讓(rang)(rang)變頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)頻(pin)(pin)率達到(dao)最大(da)頻(pin)(pin)率，再(zai)讓(rang)(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)幾(ji)分鐘(zhong)。再(zai)把(ba)(ba)輸出(chu)(chu)頻(pin)(pin)率降下來(lai)，降到(dao)最大(da)頻(pin)(pin)率的(de)(de)75%、25%處，讓(rang)(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一會(hui)，再(zai)把(ba)(ba)輸出(chu)(chu)頻(pin)(pin)率調高，然(ran)后斷開正(zheng)(zheng)轉(zhuan)開關(guan)（FWD），看電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是否(fou)按設(she)定(ding)的(de)(de)減速時(shi)(shi)間(jian)停下來(lai)。這(zhe)一過程(cheng)基本不用(yong)(yong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)參數(shu)設(she)定(ding)，用(yong)(yong)變頻(pin)(pin)器(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)廠時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)參數(shu)預設(she)值可(ke)(ke)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了。

??????通過(guo)以上(shang)兩步(bu)驟的試(shi)(shi)運(yun)行(xing)，就可以進行(xing)帶(dai)負載的投運(yun)工(gong)作了(le)，也就是對設定的參數進行(xing)調整，使(shi)變頻器能(neng)按要(yao)求正常驅(qu)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)行(xing)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)帶(dai)負載的調試(shi)(shi)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程中要(yao)注意觀察電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)、機(ji)(ji)械有(you)無異常響(xiang)聲(sheng)、有(you)無振(zhen)動(dong)現象。

????? 其(qi)操作方法基本與(yu)第二步驟是一樣的(de)(de)，由于變頻器出廠時的(de)(de)參(can)數預設(she)值可能與(yu)使用現(xian)(xian)場的(de)(de)負(fu)載(zai)特性有差距，就(jiu)要結合現(xian)(xian)場的(de)(de)實際(ji)對某些參(can)數進(jin)行調整(zheng)，即進(jin)行參(can)數的(de)(de)設(she)定(ding)和調試(shi)(shi)。調試(shi)(shi)中重(zhong)點(dian)應觀(guan)察電(dian)動機(ji)帶負(fu)載(zai)啟動時，轉矩的(de)(de)設(she)定(ding)、加(jia)(jia)、減速(su)時間的(de)(de)設(she)定(ding)是否與(yu)負(fu)載(zai)特性匹配(pei)。最(zui)直觀(guan)的(de)(de)就(jiu)是看電(dian)動機(ji)在(zai)啟動、加(jia)(jia)速(su)、減速(su)過(guo)程中有沒有跳閘報警出現(xian)(xian)，否則應根(gen)據實際(ji)情況對相關參(can)數再進(jin)行調整(zheng)。

????? 具體是把(ba)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)給(gei)(gei)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器順時(shi)(shi)針旋至(zhi)右(you)端50Hz處，然后接通變頻(pin)器的(de)正(zheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)開關(guan)（FWD），則電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機應(ying)該按(an)設(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)上(shang)升(sheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)至(zhi)最大(da)(da)，在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)過程中如果過載(zai)、過流報警或跳閘(zha)，說明加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)短了應(ying)適當加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)長加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。在(zai)最大(da)(da)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)50%處，讓電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)幾分鐘，并(bing)觀察電(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)流的(de)數值。然后關(guan)斷(duan)正(zheng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)開關(guan)，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機應(ying)該按(an)設(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)的(de)減(jian)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)下降轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(su)并(bing)停下來，在(zai)減(jian)速(su)(su)過程中如果過載(zai)、過壓報警或跳閘(zha)，說明減(jian)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)定(ding)(ding)過短應(ying)適當加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)長減(jian)速(su)(su)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。然后再(zai)旋動(dong)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)給(gei)(gei)定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器，用其來加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)、減(jian)小給(gei)(gei)定(ding)(ding)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)，并(bing)觀察電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機能(neng)否平穩(wen)升(sheng)速(su)(su)和減(jian)速(su)(su)，且不(bu)報警不(bu)跳閘(zha)。用電(dian)(dian)流信號作頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)給(gei)(gei)定(ding)(ding)的(de)變頻(pin)器，其調(diao)試方(fang)法(fa)同上(shang)，只是把(ba)調(diao)電(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器改為調(diao)電(dian)(dian)流大(da)(da)小而(er)已。

????? 在調(diao)試中，變頻器(qi)報警、跳(tiao)(tiao)閘是很平常的事情(qing)，對(dui)于初(chu)學(xue)者(zhe)不(bu)要驚(jing)慌失措。報警、跳(tiao)(tiao)閘說(shuo)(shuo)明(ming)變頻器(qi)的保護(hu)動作功能(neng)正常，是由于調(diao)試時沒(mei)有把相關(guan)參數調(diao)至理想狀態，也(ye)就是說(shuo)(shuo)還沒(mei)有達(da)到負(fu)載特性的要求，這時可通過(guo)變頻器(qi)的故障(zhang)顯示信息，再結合用戶手冊來決定下一步(bu)的調(diao)試思路，直到取得滿意的調(diao)試效(xiao)果。